Kant’s anthropology and political realism

An upholder of liberal political values, Kant opposed the tradition realism on several levels, one them anthropological foundations politics. Kant’s position was moderate: like liberals, he believed in evolution freedom; conservatives, underscored difficulties confronting a person that way and dissuaded from taking hasty action. Realists deem these either insurmountable or surmountable to such modest degree they will not allow overcoming anarchy, uncertainty conflict-prone nature international relations. Some contemporaries criticised his philosophy politics law positions close conservatism broadest sense. I analyse compare arguments both sides this controversy. pictured “practitional politicians” who point out weakness human justify wilfulness rulers’ breach agreements whilst denying need for reforms. demonstrate obscurantist pessimistic views “practising politicians”, described by Kant, are very put forward Friedrich von Gentz August Wilhelm Rehberg, had openly idea practice should be orientated towards an abstract theory optimistic assumptions. Thus responded their criticism implicitly. Yet, parties debate universalists: hand, with concept respect right common all people, realists, other, moral humans.